地表山体载荷对浅埋深工作面开采矿压的影响

为了掌握浅埋深工作面受地表山体载荷的影响规律，以典型浅埋深工作面现场矿压实测数据为基础，采用三维数值模拟方法，研究了地表山体对工作面的载荷作用机理及对矿压显现的影响。研究结果表明：浅埋深开采条件下，山体载荷与工作面矿压显现强度呈正相关关系，山体载荷越大，矿压显现越强烈；受基岩层承载及破断特性影响，地表载荷对工作面矿压的影响存在滞后距离，与顶板周期破断距离相近；山体区域影响范围远大于其垂直范围，工作面在进入和离开地表山体影响范围时，受两侧山体载荷叠加的影响，会造成工作面压力增高。因此，当浅埋深工作面在进出地表山体区域的影响范围时，应当确保工作面的支护强度，工作面保持合理较快的推进速度。

Influence of surface mountain load on mining pressure of shallow buried deep working face

In order to obtain the influencing law of mountain load on shallow buried deep working face, based on the measured data of in-situ ground pressure and the numerical simulation method, the loading mechanism of surface mountain on the working surface and its influence on mining pressure appearance were studied. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the mountain load and the mining pressure appearance in the working face, the greater the mountain load, the stronger the mining pressure appearance in the working face; influenced by the bearing and breaking characteristics of the bedrock layer, there is a lag distance between the load layer and the working face mining pressure, which is similar to the periodic breaking distance of the roof; the impact range of mountain area is much larger than its vertical range, when the working face enters and leaves the influence range of the surface mountain, the superimposed influence of the mountain load on both sides will cause the working face pressure to increase. Therefore, when the shallow buried deep working face enters and leaves the influence area of the surface mountain area, the support strength of the working face should be ensured and the working face should maintain a reasonable and rapid advancing speed.