Females of the Bumblebee Parasite, Aphomia sociella, Excite Males Using a Courtship Pheromone |
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Authors: | Jiří Kindl Pavel Jiroš Blanka Kalinová Petr Žáček Irena Valterová |
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Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Prague,Czech Republic;2.Czech University of Life Sciences,Prague,Czech Republic;3.Department of Analytical Chemistry,Charles University,Prague,Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Aphomia sociella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Galleriinae) is a parasitic moth of bumblebees. Behavioral experiments show that A. sociella females emit semiochemicals that influence male pre-mating behavior and serve as a courtship pheromone. GC/EAD and two-dimensional GC/MS (GCxGC-TOFMS) analyses of extracts of females revealed three antennally active compounds. Comparative GC and GCxGC-TOFMS analyses of extracts and synthetic standards confirmed the identity of the antennally active compounds as hexan-1-ol (1), 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (2), and 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-ol (3). In laboratory bioassays, alcohol 3 and, at higher doses, ketone 2 initiated male courtship behavior associated with ultrasonic production. Hexan-1-ol (1) and ketone 2 enhanced the activity of alcohol 3. These data suggest that hexan-1-ol, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-ol, and 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one constitute the female-produced courtship pheromone of A. sociella. |
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