Fuel conversion characteristics of black liquor and pyrolysis oil mixtures: Efficient gasification with inherent catalyst |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Universitetsområdet Porsön, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden;2. Chemrec AB, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, SE-114 28 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Universitetsområdet Porsön, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden;2. RISE Bioeconomy, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Institute of Plasma Physics, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Za Slovankou 1782/3, 182 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic;3. University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic;4. University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně, Králova Výšina 7, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic;1. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Chemistry, Gasification Technology Department (ITC), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;2. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Institute, Division of Fuel Technology (EBI ceb), Engler-Bunte-Ring 3, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;3. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Combustion Technology, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;4. Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering and Fuel Technology (IEVB), Agricolastr. 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany;1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, International Excellence Agrifood Campus (CeiA3), 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil;3. Núcleo de Pesquisa, Centro Universitário Fundação de Ensino Octávio Bastos, São João da Boa Vista, 13874-149, São Paulo, Brazil;1. CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble cedex 09, France;2. RAPSODEE, Mines-Albi, CNRS UMR 5302, 81013 Albi CT cedex 9, France |
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| Abstract: | Alkali metals inherent in black liquor (BL) have strong catalytic activity during gasification. A catalytic co-gasification process based on BL with pyrolysis oil (PO) has the potential to be a part of efficient and fuel-flexible biofuel production systems. The objective of the paper is to investigate how adding PO into BL alters fuel conversion under gasification conditions. First, the conversion times of single fuel droplet were observed in a flat flame burner under different conditions. Fuel conversion times of PO/BL mixtures were significantly lower than PO and comparable to BL. Initial droplet size (300–1500 μm) was the main variable affecting devolatilization, indicating control by external heat transfer. Char oxidation was affected by droplet size and the surrounding gas composition. Then, the intrinsic reactivity of char gasification was measured in an isothermal thermogravimetric analyser at T = 993–1133 K under the flow of CO2–N2 mixtures. All the BL-based samples (100% BL, 20% PO/80% BL, and 30% PO/70% BL on mass basis) showed very high char conversion. Conversion rate of char gasification for PO/BL mixtures was comparable to that of pure BL although the fraction of alkali metal in char decreased because of mixing. The reactivities of BL and BL/PO chars were higher than the literature values for solid biomass and coal chars by several orders of magnitude. The combined results suggest that fuel mixtures containing up to 30% of PO on mass basis may be feasible in existing BL gasification technology. |
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| Keywords: | Black liquor Pyrolysis oil Gasification Swelling Char gasification Alkali catalyst |
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