Effects of silver substrates on the visible light photocatalytic activities of copper-doped titanium dioxide thin films |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China;2. Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China;1. New Technologies – Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic;2. Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology, School of Material Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, 01007 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia;1. Ostim Vocational School, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University,25240 Erzurum, Turkey;3. Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University,34700 Istanbul, Turkey;1. Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;2. Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;3. Applied Materials, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA;1. Technical Inspection Engineering Department, Petroleum University of Technology, Abadan, Iran;2. Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Engineering Office, NIOPDC, Yazd Region, Yazd 89167-84395, Iran;3. Department of Materials Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, ShahinShahr, Isfahan, Iran;4. Adjunct Professor, COMSATS University, Lahore, Pakistan;5. Prof Emeritus, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | Novel copper-doped titanium dioxide (Cu-doped TiO2) thin films on silver (Ag) substrates with different thicknesses were prepared by sol–gel and magnetron sputtering methods. The influences of the Ag substrate thickness on the morphology and performance of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and photocatalytic degradation testing with methylene blue aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that Ag substrates with an optimal thickness of 30 nm not only maintained the tiny nanocrystals but also greatly improved dispersion of the nanoparticles on the surface of the nanofilms. Furthermore, during the calcination process, part of the Ag atoms diffused from the substrates into the Cu–TiO2 films and substituted for the Cu ions to form Ag–TiO2. A proper Ag substrate thickness (30 nm) greatly improved the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 with photocatalytic efficiency, reaching approximately 86% in 300 minutes under visible light irradiation. However, an excess of Ag substrate not only led to the Cu ion separating out in the form of CuO but also resulted in the agglomeration of TiO2 particles on the surface, which were detrimental to photocatalytic activities. |
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| Keywords: | Ag substrates Cu-doped Visible light |
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