Natural scene-illuminant estimation using the sensor correlation

This paper describes practical algorithms and experimental results concerning illuminant classification. Specifically, we review the sensor correlation algorithm for illuminant classification and we discuss four changes that improve the algorithm's estimation accuracy and broaden its applicability. First, we space the classification illuminants evenly along the reciprocal scale of color temperature, called "mired," rather than the original color-temperature scale. This improves the perceptual uniformity of the illuminant classification set. Second, we calculate correlation values between the image color gamut and the reference illuminant gamut, rather than between the image pixels and the illuminant gamuts. This change makes the algorithm more reliable. Third, we introduce a new image scaling operation to adjust for overall intensity differences between images. Fourth, we develop the three-dimensional classification algorithms using all three-color channels and compare this with the original two algorithms from the viewpoint of accuracy and computational efficiency. The image processing algorithms incorporating these changes are evaluated using a real image database with calibrated scene illuminants