面向碳中和的工业尾气电厂技术综述及其典型案例经济性分析

实现碳达峰和碳中和的"双碳"目标是国家的重大战略.工业尾气排放是温室气体的主要来源,控制工业尾气碳排放是碳减排工作的关键,探究碳中和背景下利用工业尾气发电实现碳减排的问题,具有重大现实意义.首先概述了尾气电厂的基本原理,以3种典型工业尾气为例,介绍尾气的组成成分和经尾气发电后污染物的变化情况,并介绍了尾气发电技术的基本原理;其次综述了尾气电厂技术方案,分析尾气发电的改造技术和难点,进而对尾气电厂技术方案的优缺点、应用场景、改造技术进行分析和比较,并对尾气电厂技术发展和研究现状进行综述;然后介绍了尾气电厂的典型案例及其效益,从单位造价角度对其进行经济性分析;最后结合我国尾气电厂发展现状,对未来尾气电厂的发展进行了展望,从技术、参与新能源消纳、并网影响、运营模式和政策完善等方面进行了探讨.

Technology review on industrial off-gas power plants for carbon neutral and economic analysis of typical cases

Achieving the dual goals of carbon peak and carbon neutral is an important strategy of China. Industrial off-gas emission is one of the main greenhouse gas emissions, and industrial off-gas carbon emission control is the key to reduce carbon emissions. Exploring the problem of achieving carbon emission reduction by using industrial off-gas to generate electricity has immense practical significance under the background of carbon neutral. Firstly, the fundamental principle of the off-gas power plant is briefly summarized. Taking three typical types of industrial off-gas as examples, the composition of off-gas and the change of pollutants after off-gas power generation are introduced. The basic principles of off-gas power generation technology are also introduced. Secondly, the technical solutions of off-gas power plants are summarized, and technology transformations and difficulties of off-gas power generation are analyzed. Furthermore, the advantages, disadvantages, applications and technology transformations of off-gas power generation schemes are analyzed and compared. The development and research status of off-gas power plant technology are reviewed. Thirdly, the typical cases and their benefits are introduced, and their economic analysis of off-gas power plants from the perspective of the unit cost are conducted. Finally, combined with the current practice of off-gas power plants in China, the future development of off-gas power plant is summarized, and the technology, participation in new energy accommodation, influence of grid connection, operation mode, and improvement in policy are discussed.