Exocrine secretions of bees |
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| Authors: | R. M. Duffield W. E. LaBerge J. H. Cane J. W. Wheeler |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Zoology, Howard University, 20059 Washington, D.C.;(2) Section of Faunistic Surveys and Insect Identification, State Natural History Survey, 172 Natural Resources Building, 61801 Urbana, Illinois;(3) Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, 66045 Lawrence, Kansas;(4) Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 20059 Washington, D.C. |
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| Abstract: | The volatile components of Dufour's gland extracts were analyzed in four species of NearcticNomia bees;Nomia (Dieunomia)heteropoda, N. (Tetrazonata)tetrazonata, N. (Epinomia)nevadensis, andN. (Epinomia)triangulifera. A homologous series of five saturated macrocyclic lactones ranging from C18 to C26 was identified. A series of esters (branched C5-alkenols and fatty acids) was also identified in all species investigated. Two of these esters are new natural products reported for bees. A discussion of the significance of the Dufour's gland secretion for halictid systematics and its function in the Halictidae is also presented.Exocrine Secretions of Bees: I. Duffield et al. (1980), II. Fernandes et al. (1981), III. Duffieldetal (1981). |
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| Keywords: | Bees Nomia Dufour's gland exocrine products macrocyclic lactones isopentenyl esters systematics mass spectrometry |
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