纳米SiO_2用于含表面活性剂原水的处理

在含表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的低浊(6 NTU)高岭土原水中,投加纳米SiO_2进行动态混凝与静沉试验,借助图像分析技术与定量控制参数,探讨了纳米SiO_2的作用效果与形态学特性.结果表明:絮体的形成与生长具有分形特征,分形结构是影响颗粒混凝、絮团密实度与沉降特性的主要因素;SDS的存在对絮凝初期絮体的形成起阻碍作用,随后SDS与混凝剂的混合体共同对粒子作用,促进絮凝,絮体变大且密实,沉降性能改善;SDS和SiO_2对高岭土粒子存在竞争吸附;单独投加纳米SiO_2时形成的絮体小而脆弱,而以纳米SiO_2为助凝剂能促使PAC絮体结构向更密实的构型转变,对浊度和SDS的去除率提高.

Application of SiO_2 Nano-particles in Treatment of Raw Water Containing Anionic Surfactant

By adding SiO_2 nano-particles into kaolin suspensions with turbidity of 6 NTU in the presence of anionic surfactant--sedium dodeeyl sulphate (SDS), dynamic coagulation experiments and quiescent settling experiments were done. The action efficiency and morphologic properties of SiO_2 nano-particles were discussed using image analysis technology and a quantitative faetor---fractal dimension. The formation and growth of flocs have fractal properties. The fractal structure formation is a main effect factor of particles coagulation, flocs compact degree and settleability. The flocs formation is interfered at the ini-tial flocculation stage in the presence of SDS. Afterwards, the mixture of SDS and the coagulant acta on particles together and enhances the flocculation efficiency. The flocs become larger and compacter, and the settleability is improved. There is competitive adsorption between SDS and SiO_2. When SiO_2 nano-particles are added alone, small and fragile flocs are formed. When PAC serves as a primary coagulant, SiO_2 nano-particles as floeeulant aid are beneficial for PAC flocs structure evolution to more compact con-figurations. The removal rates of turbidity and SDS are improved.