Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Coriandrum sativum |
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Authors: | J.C. Matasyoh Z.C. Maiyo R.M. Ngure R. Chepkorir |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya;2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya |
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Abstract: | The essential oil from leaves of Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae), obtained by hydro-distillation was analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and also evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity. Out of 27 peaks, 24 components, which constitute 92.7%, were identified in the oil. The oil was dominated by aldehydes and alcohols which accounted for 56.1% and 46.3% of the oil, respectively. The major constituents were 2E-decenal (15.9%), decanal (14.3%), 2E-decen-1-ol (14.2%) and n-decanol (13.6%). Other constituents present in fairly good amounts are 2E-tridecen-1-al (6.75%), 2E-dodecenal (6.23%), dodecanal (4.36%), undecanol (3.37%), and undecanal (3.23%). The oil was screened for antimicrobial activity against both Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp.) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosae) bacteria and a pathogenic fungus, Candida albicans. The oil showed pronounced antibacterial and antifungal activity against all of the microbes tested, except for P. aeruginosae, which showed resistance. |
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Keywords: | Coriandrum sativum Apiaceae Antimicrobial activity Essential oils Aldehydes |
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