不同参数对铝合金枝杈类构件金属流线的影响及优化

通过有限元模拟软件,分析了不同参数对某铝合金枝杈类构件金属流线的影响,分析了该构件在成形过程中金属流线缺陷形成的原因。通过对坯料的高径比、挤压速度和摩擦因子3个参数进行优化,确定了最佳金属流线分布的成形方案。研究结果表明:适当增大坯料与模具之间的摩擦,可控制后期径向金属流动量和流动速度,从而有效地避免穿流缺陷的产生;较慢的挤压速度和合适的高径比,可有效降低金属的径向流动速度和向上反挤的速度差,从而避免产生穿流缺陷,使成形构件的金属流线分布合理。通过有限元模拟确定出金属流线分布的最佳成形方案为摩擦因子为0.3、挤压速度为0.3 mm·s^-1、坯料的高径比为1.285。

Influence of different parameters on metal streamline of aluminum alloy part with branch and optimization

The influences of different parameters on the metal streamline of aluminum alloy part with branch and the cause of metal streamline defects in the forming process of parts were analyzed by finite element simulation software,and the forming scheme of the optimal metal streamline distribution was determined by optimizing height-diameter ratio of billet,extrusion speed and friction factor. The research results show that properly increasing the friction between billet and mold can control the amount and velocity of radial metal flow in the later stage to effectively avoid the generation of flow defects,and the slower extrusion speed and the proper height-diameter ratio can effectively reduce the difference between radial flow speed and upward reverse extrusion speed of metal to avoid flow defects and make the metal streamline distribution of forming parts reasonable. Thus,through finite element simulation,the optimal forming scheme of metal streamline distribution is the friction factor of 0. 3,the extrusion speed of 0. 3 mm·s^-1 and the height-diameter ratio of billet of 1. 285.