ABS车用防撞护栏材料的制备及防撞机理研究

利用挤出-注塑成型方法制备了纳米CaCO3/钛酸钾晶须/丁腈橡胶/ABS汽车防撞护栏材料。通过正交设计方法对复合材料的配方进行了优化,并用扫描电镜观察其缺口冲击断面。结果表明:按最佳配方制备的复合材料的缺口冲击强度、弯曲弹性模量、弯曲和拉伸强度分别比纯ABS提高了39.8%、176%、79.3%和20.1%。其防撞机理表现为材料受到冲击时橡胶颗粒内部及表面产生空穴,伴之以空穴之间聚合物链的伸展和剪切而导致基体的形变,属典型的塑性变形。

Preparation of Anti-collision Guardrail Material of ABS For Automobile and Study on Its Anti-collision Mechanism

Nano-CaCO3/PTW/P83/ABS composite for anti-collision guardrail of the automobile was prepared by extrusion-injection molding, the formulation of the composite was optimized by the orthogonal design method, and the notch impact cross-section of the composite was also studied by SEM. The results show that the notch impact strength, flexural modulus, flexural and tensile strength of the composite prepared by the optimum formulation increase by 39.8%, 176%, 79.3% and 20.1% respectively compared to pure ABS resin. The anti-collision mechanism of the composite is typical plastic deformation, it shows that cavities occur both on the surface of the rubber particles and inside them with the deformation of the matrix because of the stretching and shearing of the polymer chains.