| Abstract: | This paper details the challenges encountered by authors summarizing evidence from a primary study to describe a treatment's effectiveness using an effect size (ES) estimate. Dilemmas that are encountered, including how to calculate and interpret the pertinent standardized mean difference ES for results from studies of various research designs, are described. Recommendations are offered to authors of primary studies and to those conducting summaries of primary studies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) |
