Densification and grain boundary nitrides in spark plasma sintered SAF 2205 -TiN composite |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa;2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria;4. Centre for High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, P.O. Box 269, No.149, Yanchang Rd., 200072 Shanghai, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No.30 Xueyuan Rd., 100083 Beijing, China;1. Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden 80401, USA;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China;2. Key Laboratory for Metallurgy and Material Processing of Rare Metals, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MUT, Tehran, Iran;1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, PR China;2. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials of Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Densification and nature of α-ferrite γ-austenite interface associated with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of SAF 2205 reinforced with TiN nanoparticles was investigated. The sintering data obtained during SPS was used to evaluate the densification mechanism. EBSD and TKD technique were used to characterize the SAF 2205 composite. The grain and grain boundary properties were evaluated using nanoindentation technique. Three densification stages relating to particles rearrangement, bulk deformation and rapid densification of the SAF 2205 composite was observed during SPS. The EBSD revealed a reverse ferrite to austenite phase transformation and a refined microstructure after SPS. TKD analysis of the grain boundary showed nanosized sintered-in nitride coexisting with ferrite and austenite upon sintering at α/γ interface but also at α/α and γ/γ interfaces. TKD-EDS compositional mapping revealed Ti-rich grain boundary. Nanoindentation experiments reveal that the TiN dominated grain boundaries exhibit lower penetration depths, an indication of higher hardness and modulus. |
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