Abstract: | Abstract The new potential applications of fullerenes (buckyballs), such as advanced thermal protection coatings, fire retardant materials and cryogenic insulation materials were investigated. Based on experimental results, it was shown that due to low thermal conductivity and high emissivity, micron‐scale fullerene films were capable of withstanding elevated temperatures (up to 800°C) resulting in over 100°C temperature decrease on the “cold” surface of the underlying substrate. In addition, it was shown that due to the high heat of sublimation and low ablation rates, fullerenes can provide excellent ablative cooling in the temperature range of 600–1000°C. Consequently, unique flame‐retardant ability of fullerenes was demonstrated. |