重要水源地小流域水环境动态模拟及调控研究

本研究选取北京密云水库上游曹家路小流域为对象,通过野外监测和模型计算的方法对小流域水环境进行动态模拟及调控研究。综合运用水文学、水环境学、数理统计和地理信息系统等方法,并结合野外监测、实验室分析和计算机模拟等手段,建立了小流域半分布式水文模型和一维河道水质模型。运用该模型对曹家路小流域的水质状况进行了模拟计算,得到了流域出口断面NH3-N、Os、BOD、COD和TN等水质因子的总体特征和全年全时段变化过程。根据1956~2000年的水文数据,分析了流域特征水文年水环境的动态变化,提出了相应的水质保护和水环境容量利用综合调控方案,并依据区域的经济发展进行了水环境动态规划。

Dynamic simulation and management of aquatic environmental capacity of small catchments in important water source area

The dynamic simulation and management of water environment of Caojialu catchment of Miyun Reservoir watershed have been conducted by means of in-situ monitoring and mathematical modeling.Combining hydrology,environment science,statistics,GIS with field observation,experimental analysis and computer model,a model which integrates semi-distributed hydrological module and 1-D water quality module was developed.Field monitoring data were collected and used for model calibration and verification.The key water quality parameters such as NH_3-N,Os,BOD,COD and TN and their temporal distributions were obtained by using this model.Based on the historical hydrological data from 1956 to 2000 and the local economic development plan,a preliminary scheme of dynamic control on water quality of the catchment is proposed through the simulations under various typical hydrological regimes(dry,normal and wet).