Self‐Supporting,Flexible, Additive‐Free,and Scalable Hard Carbon Paper Self‐Interwoven by 1D Microbelts: Superb Room/Low‐Temperature Sodium Storage and Working Mechanism |
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Authors: | Bao‐Hua Hou Ying‐Ying Wang Qiu‐Li Ning Wen‐Hao Li Xiao‐Tong Xi Xu Yang Hao‐Jie Liang Xi Feng Xing‐Long Wu |
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Abstract: | Hard carbon is regarded as a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, it usually suffers from the issues of low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor rate performance, severely hindering its practical application. Herein, a flexible, self‐supporting, and scalable hard carbon paper (HCP) derived from scalable and renewable tissue is rationally designed and prepared as practical additive‐free anode for room/low‐temperature SIBs with high ICE. In ether electrolyte, such HCP achieves an ICE of up to 91.2% with superior high‐rate capability, ultralong cycle life (e.g., 93% capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 200 mA g?1) and outstanding low‐temperature performance. Working mechanism analyses reveal that the plateau region is the rate‐determining step for HCP with a lower electrochemical reaction kinetics, which can be significantly improved in ether electrolyte. |
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Keywords: | anode materials carbon paper flexible sodium‐ion batteries tissue |
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