3D打印PLA/麦秸粉复合材料的力学性能优化

将聚乳酸(PLA)作为基体,麦秸粉作为增强体,通过挤出成型工艺制备用于熔融沉积成型3D打印的木塑复合材料。采用正交试验设计的方法,通过对复合材料的力学性能进行测试,探索最佳的制备工艺。结果表明,随着麦秸粉平均粒径的增加,复合材料的弯曲强度与冲击强度出现先上升后下降的趋势,当平均粒径为120μm时,弯曲强度与冲击强度分别达到60.51 MPa,12.84 k J/m~2;麦秸粉的含量在1%时,复合材料的弯曲强度与冲击强度达到最大值,分别为62.87 MPa,12.72 k J/m~2;硅烷偶联剂KH550的加入会提高复合材料的力学性能,对冲击强度的作用效果强于弯曲强度,当KH550的添加量为8%时,冲击强度达到12.90 k J/m~2;马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯相容剂(MAPP)的添加会使复合材料的弯曲强度与冲击强度先上升后下降,当MAPP含量为1%时,复合材料的弯曲强度与冲击强度分别为62.68 MPa,11.91 k J/m~2,达到最大值。

Optimization for Mechanical Properties of PLA/Wheat Straw Flour Composites Applied in 3D Printing

The wood-plastic composite applied in fused deposition modeling 3D printing was produced by extrusion,with PLA as matrix and wheat straw flour as reinforcement. The mechanical properties of composites was tested to explore the optimal process parameters according to orthogonal test. The results showed that with the increase of wheat straw flour average particle diameter,the flexural and impact strength of composites presented a tendency of first increase then decrease. When the average particle diameter was 120 μm,the flexural and impact strength of composites attained 60.51 MPa,12.84 kJ/m2,respectively. When the content of wheat straw flour was 1%,the flexural and impact strength of composites achieved their maximum value of 62.87 MPa and 12.72 kJ/m2. The addition of KH550 could improve the mechanical properties of composites and it was more helpful to impact strength rather than flexural strength with the impact strength of 12.90 kJ/m2 at the addition of 8%. The addition of MAPP made the flexural and impact strength of composites rise first and fall later. The flexural and impact strength of composites reached their peak value of 62.68 MPa and 11.91 kJ/m2 when the amount of MAPP was 1%.