聚丙烯/麦秸秆木塑复合材料的力学性能

采用转矩流变仪混合造粒,通过注射成型方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/麦秸秆木塑复合材料,研究了NaOH浓度、增容剂的含量和麦秸秆含量对PP/麦秸秆木塑复合材料力学性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜对麦秸秆表面及复合材料的断面形貌进行分析。结果表明:8%NaOH溶液处理麦秸秆时,PP/麦秸秆木塑复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最大;马来酸酐接枝PP增容剂的加入使得麦秸秆与PP的界面相容性提高,复合材料的力学性能增加;在一定范围内麦秸秆的添加降低了PP材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度,而提高了其弯曲强度,并且PP/麦秸秆复合材料的弯曲强度随着麦秸秆含量的增加而增加,在麦秸秆含量为30%时弯曲强度达到最大值为43.4 MPa。

Mechanical Properties of Wheat Straw Reinforced Polypropylene Wood-plastic Composites

The wheat straw and polypropylene (PP) were mixed to granulation by torque rheometer. Then the wheat straw reinforced polypropylene wood-plastic composites were prepared by injection molding. The effects of NaOH concentration, compatilizer content and fiber content on the mechanical properties of wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites were investigated. The wheat straw surface and fracture morphology of the composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that tensile strength,and bending strength as well as impact strength of the wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites reach a maximum when NaOH concentration is 8%. Interface compatibility of the wheat straw and PP is improved as well as the mechanical properties are increased due to adding the compatilizer of maleic anhydride grafted PP. Compared with pure PP, the tensile strength and impact strength of the wheat straw reinforced PP composites decrease while the bending strength increases within a certain range. The bending strength of wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites increases with the increase of wheat straw content,up to maximum value of 43.4 MPa when the wheat straw content is 30%.