Simulation of solid thermal explosion and liquid thermal explosion of dicumyl peroxide using calorimetric technique |
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| Authors: | Sun-Ju Shen Sheng-Hung Wu Jen-Hao Chi Chen-Chung Lin Jao-Jia Horng Chi-Min Shu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60, Erh-Jen Rd., Sec. 1, Jente, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, ROC;2. Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (NYUST), 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Fire Science, WuFeng University, 117, Chian-Kuo Rd., Sec. 2, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62153, Taiwan, ROC;4. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor Affairs, 99, Lane 407, Hengke Rd., Sijhih City, Taipei 221, Taiwan, ROC;1. The Chemistry Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;2. The Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;1. Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Materia Nova Research Center & University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium;2. Department of Materials Science, Materials Engineering Research Center (CRIM), University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium;1. Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784 028, India;2. Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793 022, India;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Department of Materials, Beijing 100029, China;2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Department of Inorganic and Metalloid Materials, Key Laboratory of New Technologies of Modern Metallurgy and Application of Rare Materials, Baotou 014010, China |
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| Abstract: | Dicumyl peroxide (DCPO), is produced by cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) process, is utilized as an initiator for polymerization, a prevailing source of free radicals, a hardener, and a linking agent. DCPO has caused several thermal explosion and runaway reaction accidents in reaction and storage zone in Taiwan because of its unstable reactive property. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine thermokinetic parameters including 700 J g–1 of heat of decomposition (ΔHd), 110 °C of exothermic onset temperature (T0), 130 kJ mol–1 of activation energy (Ea), etc., and to analyze the runaway behavior of DCPO in a reaction and storage zone. To evaluate thermal explosion of DCPO with storage equipment, solid thermal explosion (STE) and liquid thermal explosion (LTE) of thermal safety software (TSS) were applied to simulate storage tank under various environmental temperatures (Te). Te exceeding the T0 of DCPO can be discovered as a liquid thermal explosion situation. DCPO was stored under room temperature without sunshine and was prohibited exceeding 67 °C of self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) for a tank (radius = 1 m and height = 2 m). SADT of DCPO in a box (width, length and height = 1 m, respectively) was determined to be 60 °C. The TSS was employed to simulate the fundamental thermal explosion behavior in a large tank or a drum. Results from curve fitting demonstrated that, even at the earlier stage of the reaction in the experiments, ambient temperature could elicit exothermic reactions of DCPO. To curtail the extent of the risk, relevant hazard information is quite significant and must be provided in the manufacturing process. |
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