高氮奥氏体不锈钢强韧化及抗弹性能研究进展

高氮奥氏体不锈钢(high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel,HNASS)是一种目前正在蓬勃发展的新型不锈钢,被广泛运用到交通运输、海洋工程、建筑材料、医疗器材和军事工业等领域.节镍高氮的奥氏体不锈钢相比于传统奥氏体不锈钢,其具有优良的综合力学性能,如高强度、高韧性、大的蠕变抗力、...

Research progress on strengthening mechanism and ballistic performance of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels

High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel (HNASS) is a novel material which is developing rapidly and used in transportation, marine engineering, building materials, medical equipment, military industry and other fields. Compared with traditional austenitic stainless steels, HNASS has excellent mechanical properties,such as good strength, toughness, high creep resistance and corrosion resistance. Nitrogen in HNASS has good effect on refining grain size, deformation, solution and precipitation strengthening, which reflects the multidirectional effects of nitrogen in steel, and has a significant effect on the strength improvement of austenitic stainless steel. Among the various strengthening effects, the solution strengthening of nitrogen produces a similar effect with the grain refining, that is, the plasticity of the material is not reduced when the nitrogen element is used to enhance the strength of the material. At the same time, in the aspect of dynamic mechanical properties, with the increasing of HNASS compression strain rate, the compressive strength increases first and then decrease, while the strain hardening index will increase. HNASS also has excellent impact energy absorption effect and hardening properties, especially the dynamic impact hardening properties, which obtained more plastic deformation through the plastic area. Therefore, HNASS has a broad application prospect in the field of anti-missile Armor protection. In order to systematically and comprehensively analyse the research status of nitrogen element on strengthening mechanism and dynamic protection performance of HNASS, the effect of nitrogen element in HNASS along with its dynamic mechanical properties and penetration plate target action were systematically reviewed in combination with the research status at home and abroad. The research prospects of HNASS in high efficiency nitrogen fixation process, effects of nitrogen content gradient and multi-component composite system were also proposed.