轨道车辆铝合金地板搅拌摩擦焊残余状态分析

搅拌摩擦焊作为一种先进的固相焊接技术,以其针对铝合金材料焊接效率高、焊后缺陷小、环境污染小等优点被逐渐地广泛应用。但是目前缺乏搅拌摩擦焊焊接中力学过程的研究,也鲜有力学过程对于焊缝残余状态影响的资料,不利于搅拌摩擦焊的推广应用。因此,本文以某型地铁车辆铝合金地板的焊接为研究对象,对搅拌摩擦焊工作原理及焊缝残余状态规律进行了分析,总结了摩擦焊接过程中的力学规律与导致焊缝残余应力不对称分布的原因。

Analysis of Residual State of Friction Stir Welding on Aluminum Alloy Floor of Rail Vehicle

At present,most high-speed railway passenger cars and urban rail vehicles use aluminum alloy materials.However,due to the low melting point and complex structure of aluminum alloy materials,traditional welding methods are prone to defects.Friction stir welding,as an advanced solid-phase welding technology,is gradually widely used for its advantages such as high welding efficiency,small post-weld defects,and low environmental pollution for aluminum alloy materials.However,there is currently no information on the mechanical process in friction stir welding,and there are few studies on the effect of mechanical processes on the residual state of the weld,which is not conducive to the popularization and application of friction stir welding.Therefore,this article takes the welding of a certain type of subway vehicle aluminum alloy floor as the research object,analyzes the working principle of friction stir welding and the law of the residual state of the weld seam,and summarizes the mechanical process and the residual stress after welding caused by friction welding cause of asymmetric distribution.