乡村发展要素视域下乡村发展类型与全域土地综合整治模式探析

全域土地综合整治是促进乡村要素发展、实现乡村振兴的重要途径。立足乡村发展要素和区域发展理论,根据发展要素强度、耦合格局、演变趋势,划分主导要素培育、辅助要素完善、多要素耦合等3个乡村发展阶段。通过综合解析乡村发展要素水平和耦合状态,依据村庄内部主导因素一致性和地域相似性原则,划分多种发展型、主导发展型、限制发展型和不宜发展型等4种乡村发展类型,其中依据主导要素目标维度不同,主导发展型又可细分为特色提升型、产业引导型、农旅融合型、城乡协同型。按照乡村发展类型和发展需求,全域土地综合整治概括分3种:①主导提升型全域土地综合整治模式。通过村庄优势资源整合,识别并提升主导发展要素,促进乡村主导发展要素激活。②短板补齐型全域土地综合整治模式。通过制定全域整治规划,解决乡村发展的短板问题,提升辅助要素发展水平。③优先发展型全域土地综合整治模式。通过综合运用多种政策手段,完善要素流动的市场机制,促进乡村发展要素全面耦合。

Analysis on the Types of Rural Development and Comprehensive Land Consolidation Models from the Perspective of Rural Development Elements

Comprehensive land consolidation is an important way to promote the development of rural elements and realize rural revitalization.Based on rural development factors and regional development theories,according to the intensity of development factors,coupling patterns,and evolution trends,there are three rural development stages:cultivation of leading factors,improvement of auxiliary factors,and multi-factor coupling.Through comprehensive analysis of the level and coupling status of rural development factors,according to the principle of consistency of dominant factors within the village and the principle of geographical similarity,there are four types of rural development:multiple development types,dominant development types,restricted development types,and unsuitable development types.According to the different target dimensions of the dominant elements,the dominant development type can be subdivided into characteristic enhancement type,industry guidance type,agriculture-tourism integration type,and urban-rural coordination type.According to the type of rural development and development needs,the comprehensive land consolidation of the whole region can be summarized into three types:①The comprehensive land consolidation model of the leading promotion type.Through the integration of advantageous resources in the village,identify and upgrade the dominant development factors,and promote the activation of the rural dominant development factors.②The comprehensive land management model of the whole area with short board complement.Through the formulation of a global rectification plan,the shortcomings of rural development have been solved and the development level of auxiliary elements has been improved.③The priority development-oriented comprehensive land consolidation model for the whole region.Through the various policy measures,improve the market mechanism of factor flow and promote the comprehensive coupling of rural development factors.