3D heat transfer analysis in a loop heat pipe evaporator with a fully saturated wick |
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| Authors: | Ji Li GP Peterson |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Electronics Thermal Management, College of Physics, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan-lu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, PR China;2. The G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States;1. Zalman Tech Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA;1. Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China;2. School of Process Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;1. School of Energy & Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;3. School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore |
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| Abstract: | A practical quasi three-dimensional numerical model is developed to investigate the heat and mass transfer in a square flat evaporator of a loop heat pipe with a fully saturated wicking structure. The conjugate heat transfer problem is coupled with a detailed mass transfer in the wick structure, and incorporated with the phase change occurring at the liquid–vapor interface. The three-dimensional governing equations for the heat and mass transfer (continuity, Darcy and energy) are developed, with specific attention given to the wick region. By comparing the results of the numerical simulations and the experimental tests, the local heat transfer mechanisms are revealed, through the obtained temperature distribution and the further derived evaporation rates along the liquid–vapor interface. The results indicate that the model developed herein can provide an insight in understanding the thermal characteristics of loop heat pipes during steady-state operation, especially at low heat loads. |
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