Affiliation: | aL.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, R. Luxemburg Str. 70, 83114 Donetsk, Ukraine bDonetsk State University of Economics and Trade, Department of Chemistry, Teatral’naya ave. 28, 83054 Donetsk, Ukraine cIoffe Physico-Technical Institute, 26 Politechnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia dREQUIMTE, CQFB, Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, Portugal fCentro de Quimica-Fisica Molecular, Instituto Superior Técnico, Complexo Interdisciplinar Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal |
Abstract: | The main purpose of the present work was to study the simultaneous removal of 3d transition metals from multi-component solutions by novel porous material obtained from carbon-containing liquid and solid waste. The activated carbon was prepared from co-mingled natural organic waste: 25% sunflower husks, 50% petroleum waste and 25% low-grade bituminous coal. The porous carbon material was obtained via stages of pre-oxidation with binary eutectic Na/K carbonates (in order to avoid melting and coke formation), followed by “step by step” carbonization at 100–400 °C in an inert atmosphere and activation with steam at 850 °C. The adsorption of the 3d transition metals: copper (II), cobalt (III), nickel (II), iron (III), and chromium (III), on novel activated carbons has been investigated using multi-component model solutions. Experiments have been carried out on the thermodynamics of the simultaneous adsorption of the 3d transition metals in a static mode. The total metal removal combines the process of metal hydroxide precipitation in the solution with the metal cation adsorption on negatively charged carbon surface in a single operation unit. The carbon/metals interaction at the surface of spent adsorbents is discussed. |