太行山区蓝水绿水沿垂直带演变规律及其归因分析

以太行山区(华北平原水源地,分属黄河流域和海河流域)为研究对象,建立了分布式水文模型WEP-L(Water and Energy transfer Processes in Large river basins),模拟了1980-2000年间山区的水循环过程,总结了蓝水(径流性水资源)和绿水的年际及随高程的变化规律。在此基础上,定量区分了研究区气候波动和土地利用/覆盖变化对蓝水与绿水变化的贡献。研究结果表明:(1)太行山两侧的蓝绿水变化具有明显的差异;海河片区蓝水呈增长趋势,绿水呈下降趋势;黄河片区蓝水呈减少趋势,绿水呈增长趋势。(2)太行山区蓝水资源量变化的主导因素是气候波动。(3)土地利用/覆盖的改变是太行山区绿水变化的决定性因素。植被增多可增加绿水资源的利用,但同时将明显减少对经济社会发展非常重要的蓝水资源量。因此,山区国土资源开发与空间优化须重点考虑蓝水和绿水的合理调控。

Evolution law and attribution analysis of vertical distribution of blue water and green water in Taihang mountain region

With Taihang mountain region (TMR, water source district of the North China Plain) as the object of research, we established the WEP-L ( Water and Energy transfer Processes in Large river basins) model to simulate the water cycle process in the TMR, and analyzed the impacts of climatic fluctuation and land-cover change on the variation of blue water and green water from 1980 to 2000. The results showed that there was a clear distinction between the distribution of blue water and green water in the Hai River basin part (HRBP) and that in the Yellow River basin part (YRBP) . In HRBP, the blue water tended to increase and the green water tended to decrease; whereas in YRBP, they showed the oppositetr end. Climatic fluctuation was the leading cause of the blue water decrease in the Taihang mountain region. The land use/ cover change was the determining fact or of green water variation. The expansion of vegetation would increase green water resources but it would significantly reduce the blue water which is crucial for economic and social development. The resource development and space optimization of the mountain region should give main consideration to the reasonable regulation of blue water and green water.