粮食增产期黑龙江省农业水土资源 时空匹配格局研究

黑龙江省粮食总产量十二连增的同时,也给农业水土资源带来了诸多问题。为了客观地评价黑龙江省农业水土资源时空匹配情况,根据黑龙江省粮食增产期(2003-2015年)的水土资源利用状况,采用基尼系数和农业水土资源匹配系数分析了黑龙江省农业水土资源时空匹配变化情况。结果表明:(1)粮食增产期黑龙江省农业水土资源空间匹配差异较大,基尼系数在0.4475~0.4907之间,属于匹配较差范围;农业水土资源匹配系数均低于全国水平,且在时间上表现为匹配程度持续降低的态势。(2)空间差异上,黑龙江省中西部干旱区水土资源匹配程度较低,不宜继续开垦;三江平原地区粮食种植面积大,建议发展节水灌溉;北部和东南部地区水资源相对丰富,宜涵养水源,以实现可持续发展。

Analysis of spatio2temporal matching of agricultural water and land resources in Heilongjiang Province during the grain production growth period

While the total gr ain output in H eilongjiang Prov ince increased fo r 12 co nsecutive y ea rs, there arise many pro blems in agricultural water and land resources. In order to o bjectively evaluate the spatio2tempo ral mat ching o f agricultural w ater and land r eso urces in H eilongjiang Pro vince, based on the ut ilizat ion situation of w ater and land resources in H eilo ng jiang Prov ince in the g rain pro ductio n g rowth period ( 200322015) , we analy zed the relat ionship betw een ag ricultur al w ater and land r eso urces in Heilong jiang Pr ovince by using the Gini coefficient and the matching coefficient of ag ricultur al water and land resour ces. T he results show ed as follows: ( 1) T he spatial matching o f ag ricultural w at er and land resources in Heilong jiang Prov ince during the gr ain pr oduction g rowth perio d varied g reatly, w ith the Gini co efficient r ang ing fr om 01 4475 to 01 4907, falling in the po or matching range. The matching coefficients of agricultural w ater and land r eso urces wer e low er t han t he nat ional aver age, and wer e declining continuo usly o ver t ime. ( 2) I n terms o f spatial differ ences, the centr al and w ester n parts of H eilongjiang Prov ince had a relat ively low matching deg ree of water and land resources and should not be further r eclaimed. The Sanjiang Plain has a larg e gr ain planting ar ea, and w e sugg est dev elo ping w ater2sav ing irrig atio n there. The w ater resour ces in the no rthern and so utheast2 er n r egions ar e relatively abundant , and should be co nserv ed fo r sustainable development