电化学储能材料及储能技术研究进展

电化学储能材料及储能技术是新能源利用和实现双碳目标的关键。本文结合上海电力大学上海市电力材料防护与新材料重点实验室的研究成果，综述了近年来电化学储能材料及储能技术的最新研究进展，包括锂离子电池、钠离子电池、锂硫电池和超级电容器等，分析了各电化学储能技术目前存在的主要问题，从电化学储能机理的角度出发，介绍了正负电极、隔膜、电解质和集流体等电化学储能材料组成和结构的改进方法，为开发大容量、长寿命、高安全、低成本的电化学储能器件提供新的思路。最后，对电化学储能技术的未来发展趋势提出了展望，即探索全固态电池、金属-空气电池等新一代储能器件，拓展电化学储能器件在全温度、柔性条件下的适用性。

Research progress on materials and technologies for electrochemical energy storage

The materials and technologies of electrochemical energy storage are essential for the utilization of new energy and the achievements of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. Based on the research work of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Shanghai University of Electric Power, various electrochemical energy storage technologies are comprehensively reviewed in this paper, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulphur batteries, and supercapacitors. The current problems of electrochemical energy storage technologies are also analyzed. From the perspective of electrochemical energy storage mechanism, the modification methods of cathode, anode, separator, and current collector materials are introduced. These methods provide new ideas for the development of electrochemical energy storage devices with large capacity, long life, high safety and low cost. At last, future development trends of electrochemical energy storage technologies are proposed, including exploring new generation energy storage devices such as all-solid-state batteries and metal-air batteries and expanding the application of electrochemical energy storage devices under wide temperature and flexible conditions.