基于欧拉旋转和极化投影的共形阵列建模方法

共形阵列建模是共形阵列方向图综合优化、信号处理等研究工作的基础。与传统极化敏感阵列不同，受共形载体曲率影响，共形天线单元呈现多极化特性，共形阵列建模不仅要考虑空域导向矢量，还应考虑入射信号极化矢量在阵元极化方向图上的投影，这也是共形阵列建模的重点和难点。针对该问题，本文在利用欧拉旋转得到阵元局部方向图表示的基础上，给出了入射信号极化矢量在全局和局部坐标系下向阵元极化方向图极化投影的三种方法，完善了共形阵列建模理论，分析了不同建模方法的复杂度，并利用全局坐标系极化投影方法将广义信号子空间拟合算法应用于共形阵列。仿真结果表明，本文方法与全局极坐标系极化投影方法得到的共形阵列模型具有一致性，且不同建模方法对不同应用场景具有各自的适用性。 

Conformal array modeling method based on Euler rotation and polarization projection

Conformal array modeling was the basis of researches on conformal array pattern optimization and signal processing. Unlike traditional polarization-sensitive arrays, conformal antenna elements exhibited multi-polarization characteristics due to the curvature of the conformal carrier. In the process of conformal array modeling, not only the spatial steering vector should be considered, but also the polarization vector of the incident signal should be considered at the pole of the array element. This is the focus and difficulty of conformal array modeling. This paper presented three methods for polarization projecting the polarization vector of the incident signal to the polarization pattern of the array element in the global and local coordinate systems by Euler rotation and the modeling theory of conformal array was improved. Then, the complexity of different methods is analyzed, and the generalized signal subspace fitting algorithm is applied to conformal array by global coordinate system polarization projection method. The simulation results show that the method in this paper is consistent with the conformal array model obtained by the polarization projection method of the global polar coordinate system, which verifies the effectiveness of the method, and different methods have their own applicability in different scenarios.