吸附法净化室内甲醛研究进展

吸附法技术成熟、操作简单、现有系统完善，且一次性固定投资小，被广泛应用于室内气相污染物的净化处理。本文简单综述了吸附法在净化室内甲醛方面的研究，从原生碳吸附剂、改性碳吸附剂、无机非碳基吸附剂和有机非碳基吸附剂几个方面介绍了不同类型吸附剂的研究现状，对比了吸附性能，简要介绍了甲醛与吸附剂表面的作用机理，并详细总结了影响吸附效果的主要因素。指出整体上改性碳吸附剂性能最优，其他类型吸附剂之间差异不大，并与商品吸附剂没有明显差别；吸附剂结构和表面物化性质是影响吸附效果的首要因素，其织构特征、表面酸碱性、表面含氧/含杂原子官能团以及表面第二相等均对吸附效果产生重要影响。评述了吸附条件如甲醛浓度、吸附温度和湿度、吸附剂粒径等同样影响最终吸附效果。

Progress in research on adsorption for abatement of indoor formaldehyde

Adsorption has the advantage of maturity, easy to operate, highly developed system and small fixed investment, and thus this technology is widely used in purification of indoor airborne pollutants. In this paper, the progress in research on adsorption for abatement of indoor formaldehyde was shortly reviewed. Different types of adsorbents were described in respect of raw carbon based adsorbents, modified carbon based adsorbents, inorganic non-carbon based adsorbents and organic non-carbon based adsorbents. The adsorption capacities of different types of adsorbents were compared, the mechanism of interaction between formaldehyde and adsorbent surface was shortly described, and the major factors impacting adsorption efficiency were summarized in detail. Generally, modified carbon based adsorbents were superior to others while other types of adsorbents only showed slight differences and no obvious difference in comparison with commercial adsorbents. The structure and physicochemical properties of adsorbents were the principal factors that influenced the adsorption efficiency. Textural properties, surface acid-base properties, oxygen containing and heteroatom containing surface groups and surface secondary phases of adsorbents all significantly influenced the adsorption efficiency. The conditions such as formaldehyde concentration, adsorption temperature and humidity, and grain size of adsorbents were also the influencing factors on adsorption efficiency. All these factors were reviewed along with the influencing ways and rules.