超高温堆肥过程中微生物群落及其理化性质研究

为了研究微生物在超高温堆肥过程中的变化及其对堆肥的影响,利用聚合酶链式反应 - 变性梯度凝胶电泳(polymerase chain reaction - denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, PCR - DGGE)技术分析了超高温堆肥畜禽粪便中微生物的组成结构,并检测了其理化性质(温度、含水率、碳氮比(C/N)和pH)随时间的变化情况.研究结果表明:不同堆肥阶段其主要含有的微生物不同,其中优势菌门为Firmicutes; 在超高温堆肥过程中,温度、含水率和C/N随堆肥时间总体呈逐渐下降趋势,而pH随堆肥时间总体变化趋势不大且pH值大于8; 腐熟35 d后发酵基质趋于稳定.该研究结果可为超高温堆肥畜禽粪便发酵菌种的筛选和功能菌剂的制备提供理论基础.

Study on the microbial community and its physiccochemical properties in the process of ultra - high temperature composting

In order to study the changes of microorganisms in the process of ultra - high temperature composting and their effects on the composting, furthermore, polymerase chain reaction - denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR - DGGE)technology was used to analyze the compositional structure of microorganisms from livestock manure in ultra - high temperature composting, and the changes of physicochemical properties(temperature, moisture content, carbon nitrogen ratio(C/N)and pH)with time were detected.The results showed that the main microorganisms in different composting stages were different, and the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes during the ultra - high temperature composting process, the overall trend of temperature, moisture content and C/N is gradually decreasing, however, their variable trends of pH(greater than 8)have no great difference with composting time.Last, after 35 days composting become thoroughly decomposed, the fermentation substrate tended to be stable.In summary, the above results can provide a theoretical foundation for the screening of fermentation strains from livestock manure in ultra - high - temperature composting and the preparation of functional bacteria.