微胶囊相变材料制备与应用研究进展

微胶囊相变材料（MCPCM）利用微胶囊技术将相变材料包覆实现功能化，避免其泄漏及团聚问题，拓展了其应用范围，因而具有很大的应用前景。本文从制备方法出发，首先介绍了MCPCM的芯材和壳材，详细阐述了喷雾干燥法、溶胶-凝胶法、复凝聚法、界面聚合法、原位聚合法、悬浮聚合法和微乳液聚合法的原理及方法。围绕上述方法，文中阐述了MCPCM的微观形貌，并分析了粒径分布、包覆率、芯壳比对MCPCM储热和热稳定性等性能的影响。同时，概括了MCPCM在建筑节能、蓄热调温纺织、军事航空、能源利用等领域中的应用。最后，对微胶囊相变材料的研究方向进行了展望。

Research progress on preparation and application of microcapsule phase change materials

Microcapsule phase change material (MCPCM) can achieve the encapsulation of the phase change materials and avoid leakage and agglomeration. It has broadened the application fields of phase change materials and has a great prospect. The core and shell materials of MCPCM were firstly introduced. Then, the principles of spray drying, sol gel, complex coacervation, interfacial polymerization, in-situ polymerization, suspension polymerization and microemulsion polymerization methods were elaborated. The microscopic morphology characteristics of MCPCM were presented. Furthermore, the influences of particle size distribution, encapsulation ratio and core-shell ratio on the thermal stability and heat storage capacity of MCPCM were analyzed. Meanwhile, the application of MCPCM in the fields of building energy conservation, heat storage and temperature regulation textile, military aviation, energy utilization and other fields were summarized. Finally, the research direction of microcapsule phase change materials had been prospected.