从生物质衍生原料到2,5-呋喃二甲酸产品的合成研究进展

2,5-呋喃二甲酸（2,5-FDCA）作为呋喃的衍生物，是一种具有良好稳定性和高附加值的生物基平台化合 物，在聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、热固性材料和塑化剂等众多领域都得到了广泛应用，如何绿色高效地制备 2,5-FDCA是近年来的研究重点。本文综述了以5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）、糠酸、己糖二酸等生物质衍生原料合成 2,5-FDCA的方法及特点。己糖二酸等其他路线产率较低，不利于工业化的发展。HMF路线与之相比具有产率高和副产物少的优势，但由于原料来源与食品行业相冲突且生产成本较高，所以利用不可食用的生物质衍生原料糠酸低成本合成目标产物将成为未来可持续发展的重要研究方向。在此基础上，本文通过对比糠酸各路线的优缺点后发现，CO{}_{\mathrm{3}}^{\mathrm{2}-}促进的糠酸羧基化合成方法无需反应溶剂，催化剂组分简单可再生，这些都有利于低成本合成产品。且由于工艺流程简单，产物选择性和收率高，糠酸羧基化方法将成为绿色大规模生产2,5-FDCA极具潜力的路线。

Research progress on synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from biomass-derived raw materials

As a derivative of furan, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) is a biomass-based platform compound with good stability and high additional value, which has been widely used in many fields such as polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, thermosetting materials, plasticizers, etc. How to prepare 2,5-FDCA greenly and efficiently has been paid wide attention in recent years. In this paper, starting from various biomass-derived raw materials, the methods and characteristics of synthesizing 2,5-FDCA with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furoic acid, and adipic acid were reviewed. The yield of other routes such as hexosedioic acid is low, which is not conducive to industrial development. The HMF route has the advantages of high yield and few by-products. However, due to the conflict between the source of raw materials and the food industry and the high production cost, the use of inedible biomass-derived raw material furoic acid to synthesize the target product at low cost will become an important research direction for future sustainable development. On this basis, after comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each route of furoic acid, it was found that the CO{}_{\mathrm{3}}^{\mathrm{2}-} promoted synthesis method of furoic acid carboxylation does not require a reaction solvent, and the catalyst component is simple and renewable, which are conducive to low-cost synthesis products. And due to the simple process flow and high product selectivity and yield, the furoic acid carboxylation method will become a highly potential route for green large-scale production of 2,5-FDCA.