醚化反应精馏研究进展

醚化反应是生产燃油添加剂这一关系国计民生重要化工产品的关键途径，反应精馏是其生产的核心技术。对醚化反应精馏技术进行总结和回顾，既有利于推进反应精馏基础理论的发展，也可促进醚化产品生产技术的升级。本文全面系统地介绍了生产甲基叔丁基醚、乙基叔丁基醚、甲基叔戊基醚、乙基叔戊基醚和二甲醚这几种燃油添加剂的反应精馏技术研究进展，涉及基础研究和工业应用，包括反应原料选择、工艺系统开发和多稳态现象调控，分析了不同反应路径和工艺系统的优缺点，总结了反应精馏多稳态研究的基本问题和结论。展望了反应精馏技术在聚甲氧基二甲醚合成和甘油、5-羟甲基糠醛、糠醇等生物质平台化合物制备新型醚类化合物的应用前景和挑战。指出了醚化反应精馏技术在工艺系统开发和催化填料设计方面存在的核心共性问题，并提出了相应的解决方案。

Review on etherification by reactive distillation

Etherification reaction is a significant way to produce fuel addictive, which is important to the national economy and the people's livelihood. Reactive distillation (RD) plays a key role in this reaction. This study reviewed the application of RD in etherification, which is advantageous not only to the development of RD but also to the technology upgrade of fuel additive production. The application progress of RD in the etherification reaction was introduced in detail from fundamental research to industrial application for several important fuel addictive, including methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE), ethyl-tert-butyl-ether (ETBE), tert-amyl-methyl-ether (TAME), tert-amyl-ethyl-ether (TAEE), and dimethyl-ether (DME). The contents contained raw choice, process development, and multiple steady states. The advantages and disadvantages of different reaction routes and technology processes were analyzed. The fundamental issues and concludes were concluded for the multi-steady-state of RD. The opportunity and challenge of the application of RD for the synthesis of polymethoxy dimethyl and translation of several biomass platform chemicals, such as glycerol, hydroxymethylfurfural, and furfuralcohol, into fuel addictive via etherification, were analyzed. The common issues of technological process development and catalytic packing design were discussed for the application of RD in etherification, and related suggestions were provided.