含磷聚合物型阻燃剂(PMP)对乙烯基酯树脂(VER)的阻燃改性

使三氯氧磷与4-甲氧基苯酚发生反应制备阻燃剂聚对甲氧基苯氧基磷酸-4,4’-二羟基联苯酯(PMP)，用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振(¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,³¹P-NMR)等手段表征其结构，并测试其煅烧后残炭的X射线光电子谱(XPS)。用阻燃剂PMP复配聚磷酸铵(APP) 改性乙烯基酯树脂(VER)，制备出PMP/APP/VER复合材料。用热失重分析(TGA)、极限氧指数(LOI)和垂直燃烧(UL-94)等手段研究了这种材料的阻燃性能和热稳定性能。结果表明，阻燃剂PMP/APP添加量为15%的PMP/APP/VER复合材料其UL-94测试等级达到V-1级；PMP/APP添加量为20%时LOI值达到25.0%，在温度为700℃时的残炭量为34.6%，是纯VER的3.72倍。这表明，PMP/APP能显著提高VER基体的阻燃性能和热稳定性。

Flame Retard Modification of Vinyl Ester Resin with Phosphorous Polymer Type Flame Retardant

The flame retardant poly (p-methoxy phenoxy phosphate) -4,4 '-dihydroxy biphenyl ester (PMP) was prepared by reaction process with 4-methoxy phenol and phosphorus trichloride as raw materials and its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,³¹P-NMR). Its carbon residue after calcination was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Further, the composite of PMP/APP/VER was fabricated with vinyl ester resin (VER) as raw material and the compound of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and flame retardant PMP as modifier. The flame retardancy and thermal stability of the prepared composite was investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical combustion (UL-94). The results show that the PMP/APP/VER composite with 15% PMP/APP could be rated as grade V-1 corresponding to the UL-94 test. When the composite with 20% PMP/APP, its LOI value reached 25.0%, and carbon residue was 34.6% after calcined at 700℃, which was 3.72 times that of the bare VER. These results demonstrate that PMP/APP can significantly improve the flame retardant performance and thermal stability of VER matrix.