全固态锂离子电池的研究进展与挑战

全固态锂离子电池具有安全性高、电化学性能优异等优点，但存在电极与电解质界面相容性差、室温离子电导率低等问题。本文总结了以上问题产生的原因及解决方案。对于正极界面，可复合正极材料与固态电解质、构造三维多孔结构固态电解质或在界面处引入缓冲层。对于负极界面，可设计界面层、原位聚合生成固态电解质、构造固态电解质骨架或使用自愈合和弹性固态电解质。对于固态电解质自身，以聚氧化乙烯（PEO）固态聚合物电解质为例，可添加增塑剂、无机陶瓷填料或构造聚合物共混物与嵌段共聚物。最后，对今后的研究方向提出了建议：应注重优化电极/固态电解质界面层；探索锂离子传输机理；构建具有高离子电导率的固态电解质等。

Recent progress and challenges on all-solid-state lithium ion battery

All-solid-state lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high safety and excellent electrochemical performance, but they have many problems as well such as poor compatibility of the electrode/electrolyte interface and low ionic conductivity at room temperature. This paper reviews the causes and solutions of the above problems. For improving the cathode/electrolyte interfaces, the cathode materials can be combined with solid electrolyte, and solid electrolyte with three-dimensional porous structures can be constructed, or a buffer layer can be introduced at the interface. For improving the anode/electrolyte interfaces, the interface layer can be designed, or the solid electrolyte can be generated by in-situ polymerization. Besides, the solid electrolyte skeleton can be constructed, and the self-healing or elastic solid electrolyte can be used. For the solid electrolytes, taking polyethylene oxide (PEO) solid polymer electrolyte as an example, plasticizers, inorganic ceramic fillers, blend polymers, and block copolymers can be added. Finally, some suggestions on the future research directions are proposed. In future, more attention should be paid to optimize the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, explore the transporting mechanism of lithium ions, and construct solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity.