水处理过程中膜污染问题及其预处理技术研究进展

膜技术是一种高效、先进的废水处理技术，在颗粒物、有机物、微生物等去除上具有独特优势。然而，在实际使用时随着膜污染的不断累积，膜的污染物去除能力会逐步下降，极大地影响了水处理效果，并导致膜维护成本居高不下。本文围绕膜污染问题，介绍了影响膜污染的主要因素以及实际运行过程中的膜污染类型；概述了膜污染主要机理，并对其完善历程展开回顾；简述了减缓膜污染的各种措施，并且在此基础上，重点介绍了膜污染预处理技术及各类预处理技术的特点。

Research progress on membrane fouling and its pretreatment technology in water treatment

As an efficient and advanced wastewater treatment technology, membrane technology has a unique advantage in particle, organic matter, and microorganism removal. However, the removal capacity of membrane will decline gradually as the accumulation of membrane fouling. The water treatment effect will be affected by the membrane fouling, and further result in a high maintenance cost in membrane. This paper focused on the issue of membrane fouling, introduced the influence factors, types, and mechanisms of membrane fouling, and reviewed the improvement process of membrane fouling mechanisms. The methods of alleviating membrane fouling were also discussed, and then mainly introduced the pretreatment technology of membrane fouling.