有机溶剂纳滤传递模型及最新膜材料研究进展

有机溶剂纳滤（organic solvent nanofiltration, OSN）是一种高效节能、操作简便的新型膜分离技术，在化工、制药、能源和环境等相关领域具有广阔的应用前景，因此受到了膜技术领域内研究者们的重点关注。本文首先简述了有机溶剂纳滤的应用背景，其次从有机溶剂纳滤传递模型与膜材料两个方面，总结归纳了近年来在有机溶剂纳滤领域取得的研究进展。总结了基于无机陶瓷、高分子聚合物、多孔有机聚合物、有机-无机杂化材料以及石墨烯类二维材料等用于制备新型OSN膜的研究进展，并结合传输模型讨论分析了有机溶剂分子在膜内的传输行为及膜的分离性能。最后简述了有机溶剂纳滤技术在化工及相关行业中的应用现状，并指出了这些关键有机溶剂纳滤膜材料在有机溶剂纳滤应用中存在的优势和挑战，提出了基于这些关键材料的特点进行设计和优化OSN膜性能的建议供参考，以期促进有机溶剂纳滤膜的研究和应用。

Research progress in transfer models and membrane materials for organic solvent nanofiltration

Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN), a new type of membrane-based separation that has attracted much attention in the field of membrane technology, evinces a broad application prospects in chemical, pharmaceutical, energy and environmental related fields due to the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption and ease of operation. This review first briefly introduced the application background of OSN. Then, recent advances in an OSN field in terms of transfer models and functional membrane materials were outlined and discussed. Among them, OSN membrane materials such as porous ceramics, polymers, porous organic materials, organic-inorganic frameworks, as well as graphene-like two-dimensional materials were summarized. Combined with the transfer models, the transport behavior of organic solvent molecules across the membrane and the membrane separation performance were analyzed. Finally, the industrial application status of OSN membranes was briefly described. The advantages and challenges of these key materials in OSN field were pointed out, and some development suggestions for optimizing membrane performance based on the characteristics of these key materials were put forward, aiming at promoting the research and application of OSN membrane.