二氧化碳水合物稳定储存的影响因素研究进展

CO₂置换开采天然气水合物以及水合物法气体储运技术是当前科学家们研究的热点，而水合物的稳定性对其长时间储存和长距离运输至关重要。因此必须提高二氧化碳水合物储存能力和寻求水合物高效稳定的储存条件，然而科学家们发现一些促进剂可以使水合物在温和的条件下长时间存储。本文从“自保护”效应的3种机制、温度、压力以及粒径、促进剂和水合物形态这些因素分析了其对二氧化碳水合物稳定性的影响，证明气体水合物普遍在260~270K和0.1~0.4MPa的条件下稳定性较好，并且同种促进剂在冰点上下对水合物稳定性的影响不同，最后指出了水合物稳定性方面今后的研究方向。

Research progress on influencing factors of stable storage of carbon dioxide hydrate

Gas hydrate extraction by CO₂ replacement and gas storage and transportation by gas hydrate method are the focus of research by scientists at present, and the stability of gas hydrate is very important for its long-term storage and long-distance transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the storage capacity of carbon dioxide hydrate and to seek the high efficient and stable storage conditions of hydrate. However, scientists have found that some accelerators can make hydrate stored for a long time under mild conditions. This paper analyzes the influence of the“self-protection”effect on the stability of carbon dioxide hydrate from the three mechanisms, temperature, pressure, particle size, accelerator and hydrate form, and proves that gas hydrate generally has good stability under the conditions of 260~270K and 0.1~0.4MPa. In addition, the same accelerators have different effects on the stability of hydrate above and below freezing point. Finally, the research direction of hydrate stability in the future is pointed out.