用于铀酰离子检测的光化学分析传感器研究新进展

随着全球变暖和能源问题的出现，对于核能这种清洁能源的开发和应用越发深入和广泛。铀作为一种核原料非常宝贵，然而以铀为主的核废料因其高放射性和生物毒性对人类的生命健康产生了威胁，因此如何实现对其痕量检测成为了人们关注的焦点。光化学传感器由于分析迅速、灵敏度高，能够及时检测排查铀等放射性元素。因此，研发拥有高选择性、高灵敏度和可重复使用的铀酰光化学检测传感器就显得尤为重要。本文主要阐述了近年来基于光化学技术的铀酰检测传感器的前沿进展，其中光化学技术主要包括紫外可见分光光度法（UV-vis）、荧光（fluorescence）分光光度法、表面增强拉曼散射法（SERS）等，并讨论了其各自检测特性，分析了优势与不足之处，初步探讨了光化学传感技术测铀的发展趋势及方向，为进一步设计铀酰光化学检测传感器提供了参考。

Research progress of photochemical analysis sensors for uranyl ion detection

With the emergence of global warming and energy issues, the development and application of clean energy such as nuclear energy has become more and more in-depth and extensive. Uranium is very valuable as a nuclear material. However, uranium-based nuclear waste is a threat to human life and health because of its high radioactivity and biotoxicity, so how to detect its trace has aroused people’s attention. The photochemical sensor can detect and exclude uranium and other radioactive elements in time because of its quick analysis and high sensitivity. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a uranyl photochemical detection sensor with high selectivity, sensitivity and reusability. In this paper, we reviewed the recent advances in the detection of uranyl based on photochemical techniques, including UV-vis, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and so on. Furthermore, this paper discussed their detection characteristics, analyzed their advantages and disadvantages, and touched on the development trend and direction of photochemical sensing technology for uranium detection, which provided reference for the further design of uranyl photochemical detection sensor.