固体润滑技术的研究现状及展望

固体润滑是将固体物质涂或镀于摩擦界面，以降低摩擦，减少磨损的措施。当前，可以作为固体润滑剂的物质有石墨和二硫化钼等层状物质、塑料和树脂等高分子材料、软金属及其各种化合物等。在分析固体润滑机理的基础上，对常用的固体润滑材料，金属基润滑材料和高分子润滑材料的基本性质及使用特性进行了简要分析；简要说明了固体润滑技术的实际应用的基本常识；分析了各种状况下应该使用何种固体润滑剂；展望了固体润滑剂的发展方向。

Current development and future prospects on solid lubricating techniques

Solid lubricating is a technical method, with which a solid substance is smeared or plated on the friction surfaces and friction and abrasion are therefore reduced. Currently, lamellar substances (e. g. graphite and MoS2), macromolecular materials (e .g. plastics and colophony), and flexible metals and related compounds etc. are generally used for solid lubrication. Based on an analysis of the mechanisms of solid lubricating, physiochemical properties and performance characteristics of common solid lubricating materials, metallic lubricating materials and macromolecular lubricating materials are discussed in this paper. Fundamentals for the usage of solid lubricants are briefly described. In addition, future prospects on the development of solid lubricats are presented.