VPS-EBW法制备W／Cu功能梯度材料及热负荷实验研究

采用真空等离子体喷涂-电子束焊接法制备出核聚变面对等离子体W／Cu功能梯度材料，梯度材料中成分分布均匀、密度较高。电子束辐照热负荷实验发现：8MW／m^2的热负荷条件下，样品可以承受20s的辐照：在2．5Mw／m^2，4．5MW／m^2，6MW／m^2的热负荷条件下，样品可分别承受26s，22s，20s的辐照而没有出现明显的损伤现象。样品疲劳实验也表现出很好的性能：8MW／m^2，10s辐照，可以承受70周热疲劳：6MW／m^2，20s辐照，在第90周裂纹开始形成；在2．5MW／m^2，辐照时间为30s和4．5MW／m^2，辐照时间为25s条件下，样品经过100周热疲劳实验均没有出现明显的损伤现象。对已出现裂纹的断面作X射线能量色散能谱（EDS）分析发现，由于焊料本身或者焊接时引入的杂质和虚焊，导致材料承受较高热负荷实验时的热应力迅速增大到破裂极限，使表面温度快速升高，而导致材料连接失效。

Fabrication of W/Cu Functionally Graded Materials Used for Nuclear Fusion Devices by VPS-EBW Method and Research of Electron Beam Radiation

This paper introduces the fabrication method of W/Cu-FGM by Vacuum Plasma Spraying & Electron Beam Welding.Specimen could endure 20 s pluses under heat fluxes of 8 MW/m2.No damages appeared in the tested specimens which endured 26 s,22 s,20 s pluses under 2.5 MW/m2,4.5 MW/m2,6 MW/m2,respectively.Good performances were presented in the fatigue tests of the specimens.The specimens could endure 70 cycles fatigue under 6 MW/m2 and 20 s pluses;No damages appeared after the specimens were subject to 100 cyles fatigue test under 2.5 MW/m2,30 s and 4.5 MW/m2,25 s.Crack began to come into being during 90 cycles fatigue at the heat fluxes of 6 MW/m2,enduring 20 s.The specimen was analyzed by EDS.Impurities and pores were observed.