Rice varietal differences in bioactive bran components for inhibition of colorectal cancer cell growth |
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Authors: | Genevieve M Forster Komal Raina Ajay Kumar Sushil Kumar Rajesh Agarwal Ming-Hsuan Chen John E Bauer Anna M McClung Elizabeth P Ryan |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States;3. University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, United States;4. USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, United States;5. Intercollegiate Faculty of Nutrition, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States |
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Abstract: | Rice bran chemical profiles differ across rice varieties and have not yet been analysed for differential chemopreventive bioactivity. A diverse panel of seven rice bran varieties was analysed for growth inhibition of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Inhibition varied from 0% to 99%, depending on the variety of bran used. Across varieties, total lipid content ranged 5–16%, individual fatty acids had 1.4- to 1.9-fold differences, vitamin E isoforms (α-, γ-, δ-tocotrienols, and tocopherols) showed 1.3- to 15.2-fold differences, and differences in γ-oryzanol and total phenolics ranged between 100–275 ng/mg and 57–146 ng GAE/mg, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to identify bioactive compounds implicated in CRC cell growth inhibitory activity. Total phenolics and γ-tocotrienol were positively correlated with reduced CRC cell growth (p < 0.05). Stoichiometric variation in rice bran components and differential effects on CRC viability merit further evaluation elucidate their role in dietary CRC chemoprevention. |
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Keywords: | Chemoprevention Colorectal cancer Bioactive components γ-Tocotrienol Phenolics Rice bran Vitamin E |
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