中国古代家具的人机工程学痕迹研究

回顾中国古代家具发展历史,结合人机工程学知识,提出以人机工程学痕迹为视角分析研究中国古代家具的方法,并从人体静态尺寸和家具实际尺寸出发,将中国古代家具发展历程分为矮型时期、过渡时期、高型时期.综合各类因素,分别从内因和外因两方面阐释了中国古代家具在人机痕迹上的发展变化;总结了中国古代家具表现出的共同人机学思想,即返朴求素、致用利人、重己役物及和谐观,并进行具体分析;将3个时期的家具从尺寸、需求、舒适度和审美观4方面进行详细比较,寻找其演变发展规律.从人机学角度分析中国古代家具的发展变化,对弘扬古代安全文化和人机工程学发展以及今后家具的进步提供了一定的参考.

Study on the ergonomic traces of ancient Chinese furniture

From the history of ancient Chinese furniture and with the knowledge of Ergonomics,a method of studying the ancient Chinese furniture from the view of Ergonomics＇ traces is proposed.According to the static body size and the actual size of furniture,the development of ancient Chinese furniture is divided into ＂the low-type period,the transition period and the high-type period＂.Based on Ergonomics and other subjects,external and internal relevant factors are given to explain the change of ancient Chinese furniture.On analyzing the ergonomic idea of ancient Chinese furniture,four common ergonomic ideas including plain and simple,people-oriented and object-followed,the concept of utility and harmony are summarized.The comparative method is also used to look for the discipline of its evolution,and the comparative aspects contain size,demand,comfort and aesthetics in the periods.Through studying the changes of ancient Chinese furniture from ergonomic,some references can be provided to the development of Chinese ancient culture and ergonomic as well as the progress of furniture.