超临界流体在聚苯乙烯制备中的应用

综述了超临界流体在聚苯乙烯(PS)制备中的应用。超临界流体分级能方便地通过调节温度和压力对溶解度进行控制。获得相对分子质量分布较窄的PS级分;采用超临界流体可以连续稳定地制备纯度高和粒径分布均匀的微细PS;运用超临界溶液快速膨胀技术制得了微粒形态良好、粒径分布较窄的微米级PS微粒;采用超临界气体制备的微孔发泡PS复合材料具有较高的机械强度和性价比;PS超临界流体脱挥分具有能耗低、传质效率高的特点,而且不会引起聚合物的降解;使用超临界流体制备PS复合材料成为人们关注的研究热点。

Application of supercritical fluid in preparation of polystyrene

This paper reviewed the applications of supercritical fluid in the preparation of polystyrene (PS). PS fraction having relative narrow molecular distribution could be acquired conveniently through supercritical fluid fractionation, which was implemented by controlling solubility via adjustment of temperature and pressure. PS particulates with high purity and even particle size distribution could be prepared continuously and steadily with utilizing supercritical fluid. Nano-PS particles possessing proper morphology and narrow particle size distribution were manufactured by means of the technology of rapid dilation supercritical fluid solution. Microcellular PS foam composites prepared with supercritical fluid exhibited high mechanical strength and high ratio of performance to price. Devolatilization of PS with supercritical fluid had the advantage of low energy loss and high efficient mass transfer while avoided the degradation of the polymer. PS composites prepared with supercritical fluid already became the hot spot in the studies attracted extensive attentions.