西胡里吐盆地演化与铀成矿作用

盆地充填序列和盆地演化关系密切。根据盆地充填序列和后期 改造特征,将西胡里吐盆地演化划分为盆地发育阶段和盆后改造两大阶段,并论述了盆地发育阶段断陷期、扩张期、萎缩期、消亡期的演化特征以及盆地后期改造的特点。盆地发育过程中各个时期形成砂体的规模、连通性、空间展布、隔水泥岩的稳定性等特征决定了盆地内铀矿化类型和空间展布特征。断裂构造改善了盆地的水动力条件,为铀矿化的形成创造了条件。盆地充填后,长期隆升于地表遭受风化剥蚀,岩石中的孔隙没有因为压实作用而大量损失。砂岩中火山碎屑含量较高,在地表强氧化环境下发生蒙脱石化和沸石化,加大了地浸开采的难度。盆地内的铀矿化以潜水氧化带型为主,呈层状分布在盆地北部,在空间上具有一定的规模。通过对各种条件的综合分析,将盆地中部第二亚盆北缘作为下一步勘查首选目标。

Evolution of Xihulitu Basin and Its Control to Uranium Ore-formation (In Chinese)

There is a close relationship between basin filling succession and evolution of the basin. Characteristics of basin evolution can be studied by analyzing the basin filling succession. Two major periods are recognized according to the filling succession and subsequent alteration of the Xihulitu Basin. Evolutionary characteristics of each stage of the basin formation and alteration have been discussed in details. The types and special distribution of uranium metallization are controlled by the scale, connection degree and distribution of sandstone units and impermeable mudstone beds. The environment of uranium ore-formation became favorable as the faults modified the hydrodynamic condition. The basin had been uplisted for a long time after it was filled. Intergranular pores are not destroyed due to the weak mechanical compaction, which is beneficial to groundwater penetrating. Montmorillonitization and zeolitization in some sandstone units are strong because of the high content of volcanic fragments. The major uranium metallization is the phreatic oxidation type. The northern zone of the second subbasin in the central section of the basin is regarded as the first perspective target for subsequent exploration.