Phenolic composition,antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of Sclerocarya birrea and Harpephyllum caffrum (Anacardiaceae) extracts |
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Authors: | Mack Moyo Ashwell R. NdhlalaJeffrey F. Finnie Johannes Van Staden |
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Affiliation: | Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa |
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Abstract: | Total phenolic content, proanthocyanidins, gallotannins, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of Sclerocarya birrea and Harpephyllum caffrum methanolic extracts were evaluated using in vitro assays. S. birrea young stem extract contained the highest levels of total phenolic content (14.15 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (1.21 ± 0.01 mg CE/g) and gallotannins (0.24 ± 0.00 mg GAE/g). H. caffrum stem bark extract had the highest content of proanthocyanidins (1.47%). The EC50 values of the extracts in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay ranged from 4.26 to 6.92 μg/ml, compared to 6.86 μg/ml for ascorbic acid. A dose-dependent linear curve was obtained for all extracts in the ferric-reducing power assay. Dichloromethane and methanol extracts exhibited dose-dependent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Similarly, all extracts exhibited high antioxidant activity comparable to butylated hydroxytoluene based on the rate of β-carotene bleaching (84.1–93.9%). The two Anacardiaceae species provide a source of natural antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and may be beneficial to the health of consumers. |
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Keywords: | Acetylcholinesterase β-Carotene/linoleic acid model system DPPH radical scavenging Ferric-reducing power Medicinal plants Natural antioxidants |
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