Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity and bitterness of enzymatically-produced hydrolysates of shrimp (Pandalopsis dispar) processing byproducts investigated by Taguchi design |
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Authors: | Imelda W.Y. Cheung Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan |
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Affiliation: | The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Food Nutrition and Health Program, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 |
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Abstract: | The importance of water-to-substrate ratio, protease type, percent enzyme and incubation time on hydrolysates produced from shrimp processing byproducts was investigated using Taguchi’s L16 (45) experimental design. Protease type significantly (p < 0.05) influenced soluble yield, degree of hydrolysis (DH), angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and bitterness of hydrolysates, while percent enzyme only affected the DH. Hydrolysates produced by Alcalase and Protamex possessed strong ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 100–200 μg/ml and 70 μg/ml, respectively), accompanied by high yield, high DH and strong bitterness. Furthermore, ACE inhibition was positively correlated (r2 = 0.87) with bitterness of the hydrolysates. Fractionation by size-exclusion chromatography revealed that the bitter substances, which also showed strong ACE inhibition, were <3 kDa in size and contained many hydrophobic residues, including Tyr, Phe, Leu, Ile, Val and Lys. Despite the bitterness, these hydrolysates may have potential health benefits, arising from their potent ACE inhibitory activity. |
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Keywords: | Shrimp processing byproducts Protein hydrolysates Hydrolysis conditions Bitterness Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity Amino acid composition |
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