供应链中控制多级存储的射频辨识Push/Pull混合策略设计与仿真

由于射频辨识(radio frequency identification,RFID)激励的电子看板系统能够从远端看见供应链节点企业库存的状况,使得广域分布的供应链多级存储能够实现RFID激励的Pull控制.本文根据供应链分销网络多级存储的结构特点,以及系统运作期间各阶段节点企业的功能,在不同阶段采用不同的控制策略.因此,设计了多种不同的RFID激励的Push/Pull混合控制策略.为了比较和验证各混合策略对多级存储的控制性能,建立了以总库存成本、总缺货损失、总运行成本和库存周转率作为评价策略性能的指标体系.由于供应链系统的动态性与随机性,难以进行数学建模和精确求解,因此基于离散事件系统仿真原理,设计并实现了仿真模型.通过对各策略下多种结构的供应链分销网络多级存储的仿真,验证并分析了制造商阶段采用Push控制,分销商和零售商阶段采用Pull控制的策略的有效性和最优性.

Design and simulation of radio frequency identification-enabled hybrid Push / Pull strategy for multi-echelon inventory of supply chain

Radio frequency identification (RFID)-enabled electronic visual system can view, from the remote terminal, the real-time inventory status of all enterprises in the supply chain. This technology facilitates the control for the wide-area distributed multi-echelon inventory of supply chain by using RFID-enabled Pull strategy. Push and RFID-enabled Pull strategies are adopted in different stages. Thus, a number of different RFID-enabled hybrid Push /Pull control strategies are designed according to the structural character and the function of the enterprises in each stage. To compare and test the performance of these hybrid strategies, we build an evaluation-indication system which includes the total inventory cost, the total shortage loss, the total operating cost and the inventory turnover rate. Because of the dynamic and stochastic nature of the supply chain system, it is difficult to build the mathematical model and solve it precisely, so the simulation model based on the principle of discrete event system simulation is designed and built. Many different structural multi-echelon inventory systems of supply chain distribution network controlled by thus designed hybrid strategies are simulated. Simulation results show it is desirable or even optimal when the manufactures are controlled by Push strategy, and the distributors and retailers are controlled by RFID-enabled Pull strategy.