一种基于区块链的车联网安全认证协议

针对车联网环境下，车辆节点快速移动造成的中心服务器认证效率低、车辆隐私保护差等问题，提出了一种基于区块链的车联网安全认证协议。该协议利用Fabric联盟链存储车辆临时公钥与临时假名，通过调用智能合约，完成车辆身份认证，同时协商出会话密钥，保证通信过程中数据的完整性与机密性；利用假名机制有效避免了车辆在数据传输过程中身份隐私泄露的风险；使用RAFT共识算法高效达成数据共识。经安全性分析与实验结果表明，所提协议具有抵抗多种网络攻击的能力，且计算开销低、区块链存储性能好，能够满足车联网通信的实时要求。

Security authentication protocol for Internet of Vehicles based on blockchain

Aiming to address the low efficiency of central server authentication and the poor protection of vehicle privacy caused by the rapid movement of vehicle nodes, this paper proposed a blockchain-based security authentication protocol for the Internet of Vehicles. The protocol utilized the Fabric consortium blockchain to store temporary public keys and pseudonyms for vehicles and completed vehicle identity authentication by calling smart contracts. At the same time, it negotiated a session key to ensure data integrity and confidentiality during communication. The pseudonym mechanism effectively avoided the risk of identity privacy leakage during data transmission. The protocol used the RAFT consensus algorithm to efficiently achieve data consensus. The security analysis and experimental results show that the proposed protocol not only has the ability to resist various network attacks but also has low computational overhead and good blockchain storage performance, meeting the real-time communication requirements of Internet of Vehicles communication.