考虑部件使用寿命的FCEV能量管理策略

能量管理控制策略是提升燃料电池电动汽车经济性及部件耐久性的关键技术，为了解决已有能量管理控制策略存在的缺陷，本文提出了一种基于二次型效用函数的能量管理策略。首先建立了车辆和零部件的数学模型，并通过零部件试验验证模型的准确性。其次应用二次型效用函数将需求功率分解为燃料电池和电池的输出功率，该策略考虑了电池及燃料电池的历史输出状态、变载率等，此外为了提高能源的耐久性和车辆的经济性，应用纳什均衡计算出所提出策略的最佳参数。仿真结果表明，所提出的控制策略可以有效提高燃料电池和电池的耐久性，降低氢气消耗，提升续驶里程。与基于有限状态机的策略相比，该策略可降低21.15%电池性能的衰退。与模糊控制策略相比，所提出的控制策略可减少36.52%燃料电池性能的衰退。

Energy management strategy for FCEV considering degradation of components

Energy management strategy (EMS) is a key technology to improve the economy and durability of fuel cell electric vehicles. To overcome the shortcomings of most existing strategies, a new EMS based on quadratic utility function (QUF) is proposed in this paper. Mathematical models of vehicle and components are established, and the accuracy of the models is verified by bench test. QUF is used to decompose the demand power into the output power of fuel cells and batteries, the strategy considers the historical output state and load change rate of the battery and fuel cell. In order to improve the durability of power sources and the economy of the vehicle, the coefficients of the QUF are determined and optimized by using the Nash equilibrium. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the durability of fuel cells and batteries, reduce hydrogen consumption, and extend driving range. Compared with the FSM strategy, this strategy can reduce the degradation of the batteries by 21.15%. Compared with the fuzzy control strategy, the proposed strategy can reduce the degradation of fuel cells by 36.52%.